1. The 10th edition of "Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma" includes a number of updates and revisions compared to the previous edition. Some of the new information that has been added includes:

   • Updates to the basic science of orthopaedics, including new information on genetics, biomechanics, and molecular biology.
   • Expanded coverage of imaging techniques, including newer modalities such as MRI and CT scanning.
   • New chapters on topics such as sports injuries, orthopaedic oncology, and orthopaedic emergencies.
   • Updated information on the management of orthopaedic conditions, including new surgical techniques and approaches.
   • More detailed coverage of pediatric orthopaedics, including congenital disorders and developmental dysplasia of the hip.
   • New information on the management of trauma, including updates to the latest guidelines and protocols.
   • A focus on evidence-based practice, with updated information on the latest research and studies in the field.
   • The book is fully revised and updated under the leadership of new editors, Ashley Blom, David Warwick, and Michael R. Whitehouse
   • The new edition includes new chapters on molecular biology and genetics, and expanded coverage of biological treatments and orthopaedic implants
   • The book has been updated to reflect the latest advances in orthopaedics and trauma
   • The book retains the familiar "Apley" philosophy and structure and is divided into three sections: General Orthopaedics, Regional Orthopaedics, and Trauma

1. "Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma" is a comprehensive textbook widely regarded as a foundational resource in the field of orthopaedics and trauma. The book provides a thorough and authoritative overview of the principles, techniques, and management of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries.

   The synopsis of "Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma" highlights the following key points:

   1. Scope and Approach: The book covers a broad spectrum of orthopaedic and traumatic conditions, including fractures, joint disorders, sports injuries, spinal conditions, and pediatric orthopaedics. It adopts a systematic approach to each topic, emphasizing clinical evaluation, diagnostic techniques, treatment options, and rehabilitation strategies.

   2. Clinical Assessment: The authors emphasize the importance of a comprehensive clinical assessment in orthopaedics and trauma. They provide detailed guidance on history taking, physical examination, and relevant investigations, enabling readers to develop strong diagnostic skills.

   3. Diagnostic Imaging: The book discusses various imaging modalities used in orthopaedics and trauma, such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and ultrasound. It explains the principles behind each technique, their indications, and their interpretation, helping readers understand and interpret radiological findings.

   4. Surgical Techniques: "Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma" covers a wide range of surgical procedures commonly performed in orthopaedics and trauma. It describes the techniques, equipment, and considerations involved in different surgeries, providing step-by-step instructions and illustrations to facilitate learning.

   5. Non-Surgical Management: In addition to surgical approaches, the book also emphasizes the importance of non-surgical management in orthopaedics and trauma. It discusses conservative treatment options, including physical therapy, medications, orthotics, and other non-invasive interventions, promoting a holistic approach to patient care.

   6. Trauma Management: A significant portion of the book is dedicated to trauma management. It covers the assessment and management of various traumatic injuries, from simple fractures to complex polytrauma cases. It also addresses the principles of fracture fixation, bone healing, and rehabilitation after trauma.

   7. Special Considerations: The book explores specific considerations in orthopaedics and trauma, such as musculoskeletal infections, metabolic bone diseases, oncology, and prosthetics. It provides insights into the unique challenges and approaches associated with these conditions.

   8. Research and Evidence-Based Practice: "Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma" emphasizes the importance of evidence-based practice in orthopaedics. It introduces readers to research methods, critical appraisal of literature, and principles of applying research findings to clinical decision-making.

1. Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma is a comprehensive textbook of orthopaedic surgery that has been in continuous publication since 1959. The 10th edition, published in 2017, is fully revised and updated, and it retains the familiar "Apley" philosophy and structure.

   The book is divided into three major sections:

   • General Orthopaedics
   • Regional Orthopaedics
   • Trauma

   The General Orthopaedics section covers topics such as anatomy, biomechanics, pathology, and clinical assessment. The Regional Orthopaedics section covers each of the major regions of the body, including the spine, upper limb, lower limb, and pelvis. The Trauma section covers the principles of trauma management, as well as specific injuries to the musculoskeletal system.

   The book is well-written and easy to follow. The illustrations are clear and helpful. The content is comprehensive, but it is not overwhelming. The book is a valuable resource for orthopaedic trainees, as well as for practising surgeons.

   Here are some of the strengths of the book:

   • Comprehensive coverage of all aspects of orthopaedics
   • The clear and concise writing style
   • Excellent illustrations
   • Up-to-date information

   Here are some of the weaknesses of the book:

   • The book is quite large and heavy, which can make it difficult to transport.
   • The price of the book is high.

   Overall, Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma is an excellent textbook that is well-suited for orthopaedic trainees and practising surgeons. The book is comprehensive, well-written, and easy to follow. I highly recommend it.

1. Now in its Tenth Edition and in continuous publication since 1959, Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma is one of the world's leading textbooks of orthopaedic surgery. Relied upon by generations of orthopaedic trainees the book remains true to the teaching principles of the late Alan Apley and his successor Professor Louis Solomon. This new edition is fully revised and updated under the leadership of new editors. It retains the familiar 'Apley' philosophy and structure and is divided into three major sections: General Orthopaedics, Regional Orthopaedics and Trauma, thus enabling readers to gain the knowledge they need for their lifetime learning.

1. The key features of Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma according to the web pages are:

   • Focused - It focuses on diseases and clinical signs with additional detail on anatomy where appropriate.

   • International - It has enhanced coverage of 'global orthopaedics' to reflect the changing pattern of musculoskeletal disease and trauma around the world.

   • Relevant - It provides helpful guidance on simple procedures without unnecessary operative detail.

   • Readable - It places increased emphasis on concise presentation.

   • Current - The updates reflect developments in molecular biology, genetics and imaging technology.

   • It remains the first choice for medical students, trainee surgeons and other health professionals seeking a convenient introduction to orthopaedics.

   • It is a natural precursor to the more detailed coverage offered by its larger parent book, Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma.

Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma is a comprehensive reference resource for orthopaedics and trauma. The 10th edition of the book is fully revised and updated under the leadership of new editors. The book retains the familiar "Apley" philosophy and structure, and is divided into sections covering the following topics:

General Orthopaedics

Regional Orthopaedics

Trauma

Basic Science

Special Topics

The book is known for its precision, systematic approach, and organization. It is a valuable resource for orthopaedic surgeons, residents, and medical students.

Here is a summary of the abstracts from the web pages in your search result:

Apley & Solomon's System of Orthopaedics and Trauma is a leading textbook of orthopaedic surgery. The 10th edition published in 2017 is fully revised and updated under new editors. It retains the teaching principles of Alan Apley and Louis Solomon. The book is divided into 3 sections:

1. General Orthopaedics - covers topics like infection, inflammation, tumours, metabolic bone disorders, etc.
2. Regional Orthopaedics - focuses on different body regions like shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee etc.
3. Trauma - covers the management of fractures and other orthopaedic injuries.

The book contains over 1040 pages with 2300 color illustrations. It aims to provide lifetime learning for orthopaedic trainees and health professionals.

Orthopaedics in a changing world

Since Alan Apley published the first edition of this book the world has changed considerably and so has the practice of orthopaedic surgery. In 1959, hip replacement was rare and had high failure rates, knee replacement and arthroscopy did not exist and fractures were primarily treated in traction.

The last edition of this book commented on the projected impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The

epidemic has largely been brought under control, with effective treatment resulting in normal life expectancy for sufferers. However, in untreated individuals, the incidence of secondary infection such as tuberculosis is high and the prognosis is still dire. It is interesting and encouraging to note that both the National Joint Registry for England and Wales and the Malawian Joint Registry have shown that hip replacement is an effective treatment for patients who have multimorbidity which includes AIDS with no increased risk of early postoperative mortality compared with patients

who do not have AIDS.

Over the lifetime of this book many treatments have been invented, extensively used, found to be

Ineffective or suboptimal and subsequently have declined dramatically in popularity. Examples of this include arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis, metal-on-metal hip replacement and excision arthroplasty of the distal ulna. It is important that we continue to challenge the efficacy of existing and novel treatments. In a world of increasing global need orthopaedics has to be proven to be efficacious and cost-effective.

Since 1959, the world’s population has more than doubled to over 7 billion people and has aged considerably. Life expectancy at birth is now 80 years in Europe and 74 years in Asia. There are still marked disparities – for instance Japan has a life expectancy at birth of 83 years compared to 57 years in South Africa – but these differences are narrowing. It is projected that by 2050 4% of the world’s population (but 16% of Japan’s population) will be over 80 years of age. Between 2010 and 2050 the proportion of the population aged over 65 years will double in most countries, and it is predicted to increase from 5% to 11% in South Africa, 5% to 13% in India and 17% to 36% in Spain.

Orthopaedics remains as relevant a specialty as ever, treating a large burden of the world’s morbidity. However, the nature of care has changed, with a much lower burden of chronic musculoskeletal infections today and a steeply rising incidence of joint replacement for primarily degenerative conditions. The World Health Organization estimates that 10% of men and 18% of women aged over 60 years have symptomatic osteoarthritis. Total knee and total hip replacement are now the second and third commonest elective operative procedures performed in developed countries. For example, in England and Wales, which have a combined population of approximately 55 million people, over 170 000 hip and knee replacements are performed annually. The provision of arthroplasty varies greatly, with 226 knee replacements per 100 000 population performed annually in the United States of America compared to only 3 per 100 000 population in neighboring Mexico. Increasingly the outcomes of common procedures, such as arthroplasty and fractured neck of femur fixation, are being monitored by national registries in a wide range of countries and healthcare settings. It is heartening that even low-income countries such as Malawi have established implant registries that are providing clinically important data. As the prevalence

of infectious diseases declines in low-income countries and people live longer, more health resources will be spent on treating long-term conditions of the elderly such as osteoarthritis.

Accidents and emergencies still represent a major healthcare burden. Over 1.25 million people die

worldwide annually as a result of road traffic accidents. The majority of these occur in Asia. Millions

more are seriously injured. Injuries from road traffic accidents are the third largest cause of morbidity among adult males. Orthopaedic care remains of paramount importance for effectively and quickly returning patients as closely as possible to their pre-injury state and thereby allowing them to participate fully in society.

The provision of health care and resources varies considerably between countries: Greece has 6.3 doctors per 1000 population; South Africa has 0.8 and India only 0.7. While the number of doctors practicing in some countries has remained relatively static, in Australia and the United Kingdom there has been an increase of over 50% in the number of registered doctors in the past decade. Part of this is due to migration of doctors, which may exacerbate shortages in low-income countries. More than 40 000 foreign-trained doctors, including an author of this preface, work in

In the United Kingdom, nearly half of them come from India and Pakistan. In Israel, New Zealand, Norway, and Ireland over a third of practicing doctors are foreign-trained. The movement of doctors between countries promotes the spread of ideas and innovation and improves training. However, there is a natural gravitation of expertise towards countries that offer higher remuneration and better working conditions at the expense of low- and middle-income countries. The United States of America spends $8713 per capita on health care, while China spends $649 and India $215. With rapidly increasing per capita GDP in countries such as China and India, the demographics of healthcare will change markedly over the next decade. The relative need to treat infection and injury will hopefully decline, but this will inevitably be coupled with an increase in treatments for longer-term musculoskeletal conditions.

Ashley W. Blom

David Warwick

Michael R. Whitehouse

Bristol and Southampton, 2017

Data are publically available from the OECD at:

http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issuesmigration-

health/health-at-a-glance_19991312#