1. • Updated and expanded content: The new edition includes updated information on various topics, reflecting the latest developments in clinical medicine. Additionally, the book has been expanded to cover new areas such as point-of-care ultrasound, advanced communication skills, and clinical decision-making.
   • New chapters and sections: The 14th edition includes new chapters on assessing patients with communication and cognitive impairments, as well as a new section on assessing patients remotely.
   • Refocused content: The book has been revised to place more emphasis on the importance of empathy, professionalism, and ethical considerations in the clinical examination.
   • New illustrations and images: The 14th edition includes a range of new illustrations, photographs, and diagrams to aid understanding of key concepts.

   The 14th edition of Macleod's Clinical Examination is an essential resource for medical students, doctors in training, and practicing clinicians. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the clinical examination, and is an invaluable tool for developing the skills needed to diagnose and manage patients.

   • Here are some of the specific changes that have been made in the 14th edition:
   • The chapter on the history and examination of the elderly has been completely rewritten to reflect the latest evidence on the assessment of older patients.
   • The chapter on the assessment of the acutely unwell patient has been expanded to include new information on the management of sepsis and other critical illnesses.
   • The chapter on the use of imaging in clinical practice has been updated to include new information on the use of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

   The information on the diagnosis and management of common medical conditions has been updated to reflect the latest evidence-based guidelines.

   The illustrations and photographs have been updated to provide a clearer and more accurate representation of the clinical signs described in the text.

   Overall, the 14th edition of Macleod's Clinical Examination represents a significant update to the previous edition, with improved and expanded content, new features, and a greater emphasis on the importance of effective communication and ethical considerations in the clinical examination.

   Abstract: Macleod's Clinical Examination is a comprehensive guide to clinical medicine that provides a step-by-step approach to the clinical examination, with a focus on the diagnostic process and effective communication with patients.

   The 14th edition of the book has been extensively revised and updated to reflect the latest developments in clinical medicine. It includes new chapters and sections on topics such as assessing patients with communication and cognitive impairments, remote examination, advanced communication skills, and clinical decision-making.

   The book covers a wide range of medical specialties, including cardiology, respiratory medicine, neurology, gastroenterology, dermatology, and endocrinology. It provides guidance on how to approach the clinical examination for each system, with detailed descriptions of the examination techniques for each area.

   The 14th edition also places a strong emphasis on the importance of effective communication, empathy, and professionalism in the clinical examination. It includes new chapters on these topics, as well as updated information on the ethical considerations and legal issues involved in the clinical examination.

   Overall, Macleod's Clinical Examination is an essential resource for medical students, trainees, and practitioners, providing a comprehensive guide to the clinical examination process and the diagnostic skills required to provide effective patient care.

1. The classical textbook sets out how to take a patient history, evaluate symptoms, and elicit and interpret the relevant physical signs, An addition to the core skills, the text also covers special situations such as the examination of babies, children, and the frail. The book is essential reading for medical students, nurses, practitioners, and paramedics as well as practicing doctors, particularly those sitting postgraduate examinations.  

1. This classic textbook aims to assist clinicians develop the consultation skills required to elicit a clear history, and the practical skills needed to detect clinical signs of disease. Where possible, the physical basis of clinical signs is explained to aid understanding. Formulation of a differential diagnosis from the information gained is introduced, and the logical initial investigations are included for each system.

1. The key features of Macleod's Clinical Examination 14th edition are as follows:

   • Comprehensive coverage of the clinical examination process with detailed descriptions of examination techniques for each area.
   • Thoroughly revised and updated content with new chapters and sections on various medical specialties.
   • Focus on the importance of effective communication, empathy, and professionalism in the clinical examination process.
   • Discussion of ethical and legal considerations involved in the clinical examination.
   • Use of clinical photographs, illustrations, and tables to aid in the understanding of concepts.
   • Emphasis on the use of evidence-based medicine to inform diagnostic decisions.
   • Integration of information technology into the clinical examination process.
   • Access to an accompanying online resource, providing video demonstrations of examination techniques and self-assessment tools.
   • Written in a clear and concise style, with practical tips and guidance for medical students, trainees, and practitioners.

Macleod's Clinical Examination is a highly regarded book that provides a thorough guide to the clinical examination process. The 14th edition has been revised and updated with new chapters and sections on various medical specialties. It covers the step-by-step approach to the diagnostic process, with detailed descriptions of examination techniques for each area.

Macleod's Clinical Examination is a classic textbook that has been used by medical students and doctors for over 50 years. The 14th edition has been updated to reflect the latest advances in clinical medicine and includes new chapters on the history and examination of the elderly, the assessment of acutely unwell patients, and the use of imaging in clinical practice. The book also includes updated information on the diagnosis and management of common medical conditions, as well as new illustrations and photographs to help students learn the skills of clinical examination.

The 14th edition of Macleod's Clinical Examination is an essential resource for medical students, doctors in training, and practicing clinicians. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the clinical examination and is an invaluable tool for developing the skills needed to diagnose and manage patients

This classic textbook sets out clearly and concisely how to evaluate symptoms and elicit relevant physical signs. It describes the practical skills which every clinician must acquire and develop in order to evolve diagnostic procedures and management strategies and plans. 'Highly Commended' in the 2006 and 2010 BMA Medical Book Competitions, this Thirteenth Edition contains over 500 clinical photographs and diagrams to illustrate the text, with new topics added to make the book even more comprehensive.

Despite the wealth of diagnostic tools available to the modern physician, the acquisition of information by direct interaction with the patient through history taking and clinical examination remains the bedrock of the physician’s art. These time-honored skills can often allow clinicians to reach a clear diagnosis without recourse to expensive and potentially harmful tests.

This book aims to assist clinicians in developing the consultation skills required to elicit a clear history, and the practical skills needed to detect clinical signs of disease. Where possible, the physical basis of clinical signs is explained to aid understanding. Formulation of a differential diagnosis from the information gained is introduced, and the logical initial investigations are included for each system. Macleod’s Clinical Examination is designed to be used in conjunction with more detailed texts on pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and clinical medicine, illustrating specifically how the history and examination can inform the diagnostic process.

In this edition the contents have been restructured and the text comprehensively updated by a team of existing and new authors, with the aim of creating an accessible and user-friendly text relevant to the practice of medicine in the 21st century.

Section 1 addresses the general principles of good interaction with patients, from the basics of taking a history and examining, to the use of pattern recognition to identify spot diagnoses. Section 2 deals with symptoms and signs in specific systems and Section 3 illustrates the application of these skills to specific clinical situations. Section 4 covers preparation for assessments of clinical skills and for the use of these skills in everyday practice.

An expertly performed history and examination of a patient allows the doctor to detect disease and predict prognosis, and is crucial to the principle of making the patient and their concerns central to the care process, and also to the avoidance of harm from unnecessary or unjustified tests.

We hope that if young clinicians are encouraged to adopt and adapt these skills, they not only will serve their patients as diagnosticians but also will themselves continue to develop clinical examination techniques and a better understanding of their mechanisms and diagnostic use.

The 14th edition of Macleod’s Clinical Examination has an accompanying set of videos available in the online StudentConsult electronic library. This book is closely integrated with Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine and is best read in conjunction with that text.

JAI, ARD, KF

Edinburgh, 2018